Physical Setting 15 June 2015 Questions Answer Keys

The University of the State of New York
Regents High School Examination
Physical Setting
Physics
Wednesday, June 17, 2015 — 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only

Directions (1–30): For each statement or question, choose the word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions may require the use of the 2006 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Physics. Record your answers on your separate answer sheet.

1. Which quantities are scalar?

(1) speed and work
(2) velocity and force
(3) distance and acceleration
(4) momentum and power

2. A 3.00-kilogram mass is thrown vertically upward with an initial speed of 9.80 meters per second. What is the maximum height this object will reach? [Neglect friction.]

(1) 1.00 m
(2) 4.90 m
(3) 9.80 m
(4) 19.6 m

3. An airplane traveling north at 220. meters per second encounters a 50.0-meters-per-second crosswind from west to east, as represented in the diagram below

What is the resultant speed of the plane?

(1) 170. m/s
(2) 214 m/s
(3) 226 m/s
(4) 270. m/s

4. A 160.-kilogram space vehicle is traveling along a straight line at a constant speed of 800. meters per second. The magnitude of the net force on the space vehicle is

(1) 0 N
(2) 1.60 × 10² N
(3) 8.00 × 10² N
(4) 1.28 × 10⁵ N

5. A student throws a 5.0-newton ball straight up. What is the net force on the ball at its maximum height?

(1) 0.0 N
(2) 5.0 N, up
(3) 5.0 N, down
(4) 9.8 N, down

6. A vertical spring has a spring constant of 100. newtons per meter. When an object is attached to the bottom of the spring, the spring changes from its unstretched length of 0.50 meter to a length of 0.65 meter. The magnitude of the weight of the attached object is

(1) 1.1 N
(2) 15 N
(3) 50. N
(4) 65 N

7. A 1.5-kilogram cart initially moves at 2.0 meters per second. It is brought to rest by a constant net force in 0.30 second. What is the magnitude of the net force?

(1) 0.40 N
(2) 0.90 N
(3) 10. N
(4) 15 N

8. Which characteristic of a light wave must increase as the light wave passes from glass into air?

(1) amplitude
(2) frequency
(3) period
(4) wavelength

9. As a 5.0 × 10²-newton basketball player jumps from the floor up toward the basket, the magnitude of the force of her feet on the floor is 1.0 × 10³ newtons. As she jumps, the magnitude of the force of the floor on her feet is

(1) 5.0 × 10² N
(2) 1.0 × 10³N
(3) 1.5 × 10³ N
(4) 5.0 × 10⁵ N

10. A 0.0600-kilogram ball traveling at 60.0 meters per second hits a concrete wall. What speed must a 0.0100-kilogram bullet have in order to hit the wall with the same magnitude of momentum as the ball?

(1) 3.60 m/s
(2) 6.00 m/s
(3) 360. m/s
(4) 600. m/s

11. The Hubble telescope’s orbit is 5.6 × 10⁵ meters above Earth’s surface. The telescope has a mass of 1.1 × 10⁴ kilograms. Earth exerts a gravitational force of 9.1 × 10⁴ newtons on the telescope. The magnitude of Earth’s gravitational field strength at this location is

(1) 1.5 × 10−²⁰ N/kg
(2) 0.12 N/kg
(3) 8.3 N/kg
(4) 9.8 N/kg

12. When two point charges are a distance d apart, the magnitude of the electrostatic force between them is F. If the distance between the point charges is increased to 3d, the magnitude of the electrostatic force between the two charges will be

(1) 1/9 F
(2) 1/3 F
(3) 2F
(4) 4F

13. A radio operating at 3.0 volts and a constant temperature draws a current of 1.8 × 10−⁴ ampere. What is the resistance of the radio circuit?

(1) 1.7 × 10⁴ Ω
(2) 3.0 × 10¹ Ω
(3) 5.4 × 10−⁴ Ω
(4) 6.0 × 10−⁵ Ω

14. Which energy transformation occurs in an operating electric motor?

(1) electrical → mechanical
(2) mechanical → electrical
(3) chemical → electrical
(4) electrical → chemical

15. A block slides across a rough, horizontal tabletop. As the block comes to rest, there is an increase in the block-tabletop system’s

(1) gravitational potential energy
(2) elastic potential energy
(3) kinetic energy
(4) internal (thermal) energy

16. How much work is required to move an electron through a potential difference of 3.00 volts?

(1) 5.33 × 10–²⁰ J
(2) 4.80 × 10–¹⁹ J
(3) 3.00 J
(4) 1.88 × 10¹⁹ J

17. During a laboratory experiment, a student finds that at 20° Celsius, a 6.0-meter length of copper wire has a resistance of 1.3 ohms. The crosssectional area of this wire is

(1) 7.9 × 10−⁸ m²
(2) 1.1 × 10−⁷ m²
(3) 4.6 × 10⁰ m²
(4) 1.3 × 10⁷ m²

18. A net charge of 5.0 coulombs passes a point on a conductor in 0.050 second. The average current is

(1) 8.0 × 10−⁸ A
(2) 1.0 × 10−² A
(3) 2.5 × 10−¹ A
(4) 1.0 × 10² A

19. If several resistors are connected in series in an electric circuit, the potential difference across each resistor

(1) varies directly with its resistance
(2) varies inversely with its resistance
(3) varies inversely with the square of its resistance
(4) is independent of its resistance

20. The amplitude of a sound wave is most closely related to the sound’s

(1) speed
(2) wavelength
(3) loudness
(4) pitch

21. A duck floating on a lake oscillates up and down 5.0 times during a 10.-second interval as a periodic wave passes by. What is the frequency of the duck’s oscillations?

(1) 0.10 Hz
(2) 0.50 Hz
(3) 2.0 Hz
(4) 50. Hz

22. Which diagram best represents the position of a ball, at equal time intervals, as it falls freely from rest near Earth’s surface?

23. A gamma ray and a microwave traveling in a vacuum have the same

(1) frequency
(2) period
(3) speed
(4) wavelength

24. A student produces a wave in a long spring by vibrating its end. As the frequency of the vibration is doubled, the wavelength in the spring is

(1) quartered
(2) halved
(3) unchanged
(4) doubled

25. Which two points on the wave shown in the diagram below are in phase with each other?

(1) A and B
(2) A and E
(3) B and C
(4) B and D

26. As a longitudinal wave moves through a medium, the particles of the medium

(1) vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave’s propagation
(2) vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave’s propagation
(3) are transferred in the direction of the wave’s motion, only
(4) are stationary

27. Wind blowing across suspended power lines may cause the power lines to vibrate at their natural frequency. This often produces audible sound waves. This phenomenon, often called an Aeolian harp, is an example of

(1) diffraction
(2) the Doppler effect
(3) refraction
(4) resonance

28. A student listens to music from a speaker in an adjoining room, as represented in the diagram below

She notices that she does not have to be directly in front of the doorway to hear the music. This spreading of sound waves beyond the doorway is an example of

(1) the Doppler effect
(2) resonance
(3) refraction
(4) diffraction

29. What is the minimum energy required to ionize a hydrogen atom in the n = 3 state?

(1) 0.00 eV
(2) 0.66 eV
(3) 1.51 eV
(4) 12.09 eV

Base your answers to questions 30 and 31 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of physics. The diagram represents two small, charged, identical metal spheres, A and B that are separated by a distance of 2.0 meters.